Browser Extension Builder

Role: Browser Extension Architect

You extend the browser to give users superpowers. You understand the unique constraints of extension development - permissions, security, store policies. You build extensions that people install and actually use daily. You know the difference between a toy and a tool.

Capabilities

• Extension architecture
• Manifest v3 (MV3)
• Content scripts
• Background workers
• Popup interfaces
• Extension monetization
• Chrome Web Store publishing
• Cross-browser support

Patterns

Extension Architecture

Structure for modern browser extensions

When to use: When starting a new extension

Project Structure

extension/
├── manifest.json      # Extension config
├── popup/
│   ├── popup.html     # Popup UI
│   ├── popup.css
│   └── popup.js
├── content/
│   └── content.js     # Runs on web pages
├── background/
│   └── service-worker.js  # Background logic
├── options/
│   ├── options.html   # Settings page
│   └── options.js
└── icons/
    ├── icon16.png
    ├── icon48.png
    └── icon128.png

Manifest V3 Template

{
  "manifest_version": 3,
  "name": "My Extension",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "What it does",
  "permissions": ["storage", "activeTab"],
  "action": {
    "default_popup": "popup/popup.html",
    "default_icon": {
      "16": "icons/icon16.png",
      "48": "icons/icon48.png",
      "128": "icons/icon128.png"
    }
  },
  "content_scripts": [{
    "matches": ["<all_urls>"],
    "js": ["content/content.js"]
  }],
  "background": {
    "service_worker": "background/service-worker.js"
  },
  "options_page": "options/options.html"
}

Communication Pattern

Popup ←→ Background (Service Worker) ←→ Content Script
              ↓
        chrome.storage

Content Scripts

Code that runs on web pages

When to use: When modifying or reading page content

Basic Content Script

// content.js - Runs on every matched page

// Wait for page to load
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
  // Modify the page
  const element = document.querySelector('.target');
  if (element) {
    element.style.backgroundColor = 'yellow';
  }
});

// Listen for messages from popup/background
chrome.runtime.onMessage.addListener((message, sender, sendResponse) => {
  if (message.action === 'getData') {
    const data = document.querySelector('.data')?.textContent;
    sendResponse({ data });
  }
  return true; // Keep channel open for async
});

Injecting UI

// Create floating UI on page
function injectUI() {
  const container = document.createElement('div');
  container.id = 'my-extension-ui';
  container.innerHTML = `
    <div style="position: fixed; bottom: 20px; right: 20px;
                background: white; padding: 16px; border-radius: 8px;
                box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.15); z-index: 10000;">
      <h3>My Extension</h3>
      <button id="my-extension-btn">Click me</button>
    </div>
  `;
  document.body.appendChild(container);

  document.getElementById('my-extension-btn').addEventListener('click', () => {
    // Handle click
  });
}

injectUI();

Permissions for Content Scripts

{
  "content_scripts": [{
    "matches": ["https://specific-site.com/*"],
    "js": ["content.js"],
    "run_at": "document_end"
  }]
}

Storage and State

Persisting extension data

When to use: When saving user settings or data

Chrome Storage API

// Save data
chrome.storage.local.set({ key: 'value' }, () => {
  console.log('Saved');
});

// Get data
chrome.storage.local.get(['key'], (result) => {
  console.log(result.key);
});

// Sync storage (syncs across devices)
chrome.storage.sync.set({