Playwright E2E Testing Skill

progressive_disclosure: entry_point: summary: "Modern E2E testing framework with cross-browser automation and built-in test runner" when_to_use: - "When testing web applications end-to-end" - "When needing cross-browser testing" - "When testing user flows and interactions" - "When needing screenshot/video recording" quick_start: - "npm init playwright@latest" - "Choose TypeScript and test location" - "npx playwright test" - "npx playwright show-report" token_estimate: entry: 75-90 full: 4200-5200

Overview

Playwright is a modern end-to-end testing framework that provides cross-browser automation with a built-in test runner, auto-wait mechanisms, and excellent developer experience.

Key Features

• Auto-wait: Automatically waits for elements to be ready
• Cross-browser: Chromium, Firefox, WebKit support
• Built-in runner: Parallel execution, retries, reporters
• Network control: Mock and intercept network requests
• Debugging: UI mode, trace viewer, inspector

Installation

# Initialize new Playwright project
npm init playwright@latest

# Or add to existing project
npm install -D @playwright/test

# Install browsers
npx playwright install

Configuration

// playwright.config.ts
import { defineConfig, devices } from '@playwright/test';

export default defineConfig({
  testDir: './tests',
  fullyParallel: true,
  forbidOnly: !!process.env.CI,
  retries: process.env.CI ? 2 : 0,
  workers: process.env.CI ? 1 : undefined,
  reporter: 'html',

  use: {
    baseURL: 'http://localhost:3000',
    trace: 'on-first-retry',
    screenshot: 'only-on-failure',
  },

  projects: [
    {
      name: 'chromium',
      use: { ...devices['Desktop Chrome'] },
    },
    {
      name: 'firefox',
      use: { ...devices['Desktop Firefox'] },
    },
    {
      name: 'webkit',
      use: { ...devices['Desktop Safari'] },
    },
    {
      name: 'Mobile Chrome',
      use: { ...devices['Pixel 5'] },
    },
  ],

  webServer: {
    command: 'npm run start',
    url: 'http://localhost:3000',
    reuseExistingServer: !process.env.CI,
  },
});

Fundamentals

Basic Test Structure

import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';

test('basic test', async ({ page }) => {
  await page.goto('https://example.com');

  // Wait for element and check visibility
  const title = page.locator('h1');
  await expect(title).toBeVisible();
  await expect(title).toHaveText('Example Domain');

  // Get page title
  await expect(page).toHaveTitle(/Example/);
});

test.describe('User authentication', () => {
  test('should login successfully', async ({ page }) => {
    await page.goto('/login');
    await page.fill('[name="username"]', 'testuser');
    await page.fill('[name="password"]', 'password123');
    await page.click('button[type="submit"]');

    await expect(page).toHaveURL('/dashboard');
    await expect(page.locator('.welcome-message')).toContainText('Welcome');
  });

  test('should show error for invalid credentials', async ({ page }) => {
    await page.goto('/login');
    await page.fill('[name="username"]', 'invalid');
    await page.fill('[name="password"]', 'wrong');
    await page.click('button[type="submit"]');

    await expect(page.locator('.error-message')).toBeVisible();
    await expect(page.locator('.error-message')).toHaveText('Invalid credentials');
  });
});

Test Hooks

import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';

test.describe('Dashboard tests', () => {
  test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
    // Run before each test
    await page.goto('/dashboard');
    await page.waitForLoadState('networkidle');
  });

  test.afterEach(async ({ page }) => {
    // Cleanup after each test
    await page.close();
  });

  test.beforeAll(async <